Shoulder pain is a common complaint that can significantly disrupt daily life, from simple tasks like lifting objects to engaging in recreational activities. The shoulder joint is remarkably flexible but also prone to injury due to its complex structure and range of motion. Understanding the most common shoulder issues, their treatments, and preventive measures can help maintain mobility and quality of life.
One of the most prevalent shoulder conditions is a rotator cuff tear. The rotator cuff comprises four tendons and muscles that stabilize the shoulder and facilitate movement. Tears, whether due to acute injuries or wear and tear over time, can lead to pain, weakness, and difficulty with overhead activities. Symptoms often include shoulder pain, weakness, and a cracking sensation when moving the arm. Treatment options range from rest and physical therapy to corticosteroid injections or surgery in severe cases. To prevent rotator cuff injuries, focus on strengthening shoulder muscles, avoiding repetitive overhead motions, and practicing proper form during physical activities.
Shoulder arthritis is another common condition, often manifesting as pain, stiffness, and limited motion in the shoulder’s ball-and-socket joint. Arthritis can result from wear and tear (osteoarthritis), autoimmune conditions (rheumatoid arthritis), or injury (post-traumatic arthritis). Over time, the inflammation associated with arthritis can damage the cartilage and lead to joint deformity. While arthritis has no cure, treatments such as medications, physical therapy, and, in severe cases, joint replacement surgery can manage symptoms and improve function. Preventive strategies include regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and managing underlying conditions that could exacerbate joint issues.
Frozen shoulder, or adhesive capsulitis, is characterized by stiffness and limited range of motion. This condition often develops after prolonged immobility due to pain or injury. Symptoms typically worsen before gradually improving over months or even years. Nonsurgical treatments such as physical therapy, heat or cold application, and corticosteroid injections can ease symptoms. In persistent cases, surgery may be needed. To prevent frozen shoulder, it’s crucial to keep the shoulder mobile through gentle stretches and exercises, especially after an injury or surgery.
Shoulder dislocations are another frequent issue due to the joint’s relatively shallow socket, which allows a wide range of motion but minimal stability. Dislocations often occur from trauma or overextension and can damage ligaments, tendons, or nearby bones. Treatment usually involves physical therapy and repositioning the joint, with surgery reserved for recurrent dislocations. Preventing dislocations involves strengthening the muscles around the shoulder and practicing caution during high-risk activities.
Lastly, proximal humerus fractures, or breaks in the upper arm bone near the shoulder, are common, particularly in older adults. Minor fractures often heal with immobilization, while severe cases may require surgery to restore function. Preventing fractures involves improving bone health through a calcium-rich diet, regular weight-bearing exercises, and minimizing fall risks by wearing appropriate footwear and maintaining balance.
To keep your shoulders healthy, adopt preventive strategies such as strengthening the surrounding muscles, practicing good posture, warming up before activities, and addressing pain or discomfort early. By taking these steps, you can reduce the risk of shoulder problems and maintain a pain-free, active lifestyle.
Our Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine team also offers Orthopaedic Assessment and Intervention at our Today’s Care Plus at 1202 Medical Center Drive location in Wilmington. Our goal is to support patients in avoiding the long waits and high costs of the ER. We can see and treat all typical ortho-related ailments; including acute injuries, sprains, and fractures.